List of sources

ACA

The Arms Control Association was founded in 1971 and has its seat in Washington, DC, United States. It is a non-partisan organization dedicated to promoting public understanding of and support for effective arms control policies and agreements. The organization provides policy-makers, the press and the interested public with regular publications and education programmes, through interviews, analyses and commentaries. The co-called Fact Sheets provide a basic overview of key agreements and issues of arms control, such as nuclear disarmament, or current nuclear negotiations.

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BICC

As an independent, non-profit organization, BICC deals with a wide range of global topics in the field of peace and conflict research centring on Conversion Studies. It works on the constructive transformation of conflicts, disarmament and poverty. Since 2012, BICC has been developing and maintaining the interactive SALW Guide in cooperation with the ZVBw. The online portal shows the most important small arms and light weapons. Besides technical details on individual types of weapons and their different version, photographs and drawings of marks, it also shows the global spread of these individual weapons. These details are intended to help identify SALW.

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CTBTO

Founded in 1996 and located in Vienna, CTBTO has made its mission to promote the Treaty and to hamper first development and the further development of nuclear weapons more difficult by operating. A global net of sensors serves as surveillance mechanism; furthermore, it intends to carry out on-site inspections after the Treaty has come into force. The organization can only fulfil its mission completely when the 44 states have ratified Annex 2 of the Treaty; so far, only 41 states have signed, and 36 have ratified the Treaty.

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Eurospace

EuroSpace is the European space industry association. Founded in 1961, it is a non-profit organization. As part of its mission to provide information on space issues, EuroSpace oversees the European Space Directory, an annual publication with data on the latest developments, including figures for global trends in new delivery systems, a register of rocket launch sites and data on satellites and aerospace companies in Europe.

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ICRC

The ICRC is part of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. The Red Cross was founded in 1863 with the aim of providing rapid assistance to people caught up in conflicts, facing armed violence or hit by natural disasters. Its overriding mission is to protect life, health and dignity. The organization remains impartial, neutral and independent in situations of war and violent conflict. The core tasks of the ICRC are to monitor compliance with the Geneva Conventions, organize nursing and care of the wounded, supervise the treatment of prisoners of war, help to bring together families separated by armed conflict, protect the civilian population, and mediate between parties to a conflict. The ICRC also coordinates and manages international relief missions. In its role as the supervisory body of the Geneva Conventions, the International Committee is an important source of information and documentation.

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Office of the High Representative

The Office of the High Representative was created under the terms of the Dayton Peace Agreement with the task of overseeing civil implementation of the agreement. The High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina heads the OHR and is appointed by the Steering Board of the Peace Implementation Council, a body comprising representatives of 55 countries and international agencies.

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OPCW

Headquartered in The Hague, the OPCW is an independent institution established in 1997 to implement the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). The OPCW monitors the activities of the states parties to the convention and assists them in matters of demilitarization, non-proliferation and cooperation and in their efforts to implement the CWC. All the ratifying states undertake to submit an annual report on their progress. Inspections are continuously made at the facilities established to destroy chemical weapons. All other relevant facilities are subject to regular inspection at various intervals, depending on the chemicals in question.

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OSCE

With its headquarters in Vienna and founded in 1973, the OSCE is made up of 57 participating states and eleven countries with “partners for cooperation” status. The organization grew out of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE). The OSCE’s mission centres on peacekeeping and post-conflict reconstruction. In contrast to NATO, the OSCE is civil in structure and approach. Its activities are organized along three dimensions: a politico-military dimension, an economic and environmental dimension, and a humanitarian dimension. The OSCE does not have the legal status of an international organization, so its powers need clarification.

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OSCE II

With its headquarters in Vienna and founded in 1973, the OSCE is made up of 57 participating states and eleven countries with “partners for cooperation” status. The organization grew out of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE). The OSCE’s mission centres on peacekeeping and post-conflict reconstruction. In contrast to NATO, the OSCE is civil in structure and approach. Its activities are organized along three dimensions: a politico-military dimension, an economic and environmental dimension, and a humanitarian dimension. The OSCE does not have the legal status of an international organization, so its powers need clarification.

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OSCE III

With its headquarters in Vienna and founded in 1973, the OSCE is made up of 57 participating states and eleven countries with “partners for cooperation” status. The organization grew out of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE). The OSCE’s mission centres on peacekeeping and post-conflict reconstruction. In contrast to NATO, the OSCE is civil in structure and approach. Its activities are organized along three dimensions: a politico-military dimension, an economic and environmental dimension, and a humanitarian dimension. The OSCE does not have the legal status of an international organization, so its powers need clarification.

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UNODA

The United Nations Office of Disarmament Affairs was founded in 1998 with the objective of nuclear disarmament and limiting the proliferation of nuclear weapons. Furthermore, the intention was to limit general weapons of mass destruction, such as chemical and biological weapons and to reduce the use of conventional weapons, particularly landmines and small arms and light weapons It also supports the disarmament and reintegration of ex-combatants into civilian life. By means of more dialogue, higher transparency and confidence-building measures, one hopes to achieve these goals.

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UNODA II

The United Nations Office of Disarmament Affairs was founded in 1998 with the objective of nuclear disarmament and limiting the proliferation of nuclear weapons. Furthermore, the intention was to limit general weapons of mass destruction, such as chemical and biological weapons and to reduce the use of conventional weapons, particularly landmines and small arms and light weapons It also supports the disarmament and reintegration of ex-combatants into civilian life. By means of more dialogue, higher transparency and confidence-building measures, one hopes to achieve these goals.

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UNODA III

The United Nations Office of Disarmament Affairs was founded in 1998 with the objective of nuclear disarmament and limiting the proliferation of nuclear weapons. Furthermore, the intention was to limit general weapons of mass destruction, such as chemical and biological weapons and to reduce the use of conventional weapons, particularly landmines and small arms and light weapons It also supports the disarmament and reintegration of ex-combatants into civilian life. By means of more dialogue, higher transparency and confidence-building measures, one hopes to achieve these goals.

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UNOG

Based in Geneva, UNOG is the second-largest of the United Nation’s four centres. It is home to the UN Human Rights Council, the UN High Commissioners and the UN Treaty Bodies. In the latter context, the UNOG issues information on the various agreements, including a table, specifying which countries have ratified which protocols of the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons, along with updates on the CCW process.

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