This layer presents former and current nuclear powers as well as those states where nuclear weapons are stored for the year 2018.
The Non-Proliferation Treaty differentiates between states that produced and fired a nuclear weapon or any other nuclear explosive before its conclusion—they are considered to be nuclear weapon states under the terms of the Treaty. Nuclear powers outside of the Treaty are states that have declared officially that they possess nuclear weapons and that have not signed the Treaty. States whose territory is used to store nuclear weapons owned by another state under the NATO / US umbrella are defined "Stationed nuclear weapons by the USA". Former nuclear powers are states that have given up pursuing their nuclear weapons programme or the former states of the Soviet Union.
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Nuclear strategy - Between deterrence and operational doctrine
Since 8 August 1945, the day of the destruction of Nagasaki by the atomic bomb, codenamed 'Little Boy', no other nuclear weapon has been deployed in any other war. This taboo has not been broken for more than 65 years.
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Case study - The danger of proliferation - Iran and Israel, two examples
Aided by France, Israel built a nuclear research reactor in Dimona, in the Negev desert in 1956. Later on, a subterranean reprocessing plant was added that produced weapons-grade plutonium.
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Case study - The danger of proliferation. North Korea, an example
In April 2012, a formulation was included in the constitution of North Korea that the country “is in possession of the atomic bomb” (North Korea officially declares itself as a nuclear power). In 2006, 2009, 2013 and 2016, the authoritarian state have carried out a nuclear test.
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Nuclear weapons in Europe
Nuclear weapons have shaped Europe’s history of for nearly 60 years. In March 1955, the US armed forces began to store atomic bombs in the Federal Republic of Germany.
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